Technical english 1 pdf

Technical English 1 Course Book 1 Part. Uploaded by Xavi Alonso. Did you find this document useful? Is this content inappropriate? Report this Document. Flag for inappropriate content. Download now. Related titles. Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Jump to Page. Search inside document. Emanuel Marillan. Nill Mateo. Thang Tong. Sidao Adim. Ega Marga Putra. Finally this pulp is pressed and dried in a mill. The finished paper is wound onto large rolls. It is converted in to smaller rolls or sheets for ease of Calender Wire section wet end transport and use.

The information may be voice, facsimile, data, radio, or D C" television signals. The electronie signals that are transmitted can be either analogue or digital. Digital switching The encoded signal is o. Telecommunieations technologists are needed to plan, install and maintain state-of-the-art telephone systems, cable TV and computer networks. Although technologists have knawledge af thearetieal tapies, they tend to focus on salving practical design and applicatian prablems.

Training covers a wide range af telecams-related tapies. Link each term with the most appropriate mode of transmission. The telephone is an instrument used for sending and receiving voice messages and data. In a point-to-point radio ::o channel. Broadcasts may be audible only, as in radio, or visual or a r-.

Telephony A videophone is a personal video carnera and display, a microphone and speaker, and a data- conversion device. A cordless telephone is a device which plugs directly into an existing telephone jack, allowing! Telephony has been revolutionized by cellular cell or mobile telephones, which are personal portable devices.

Facsimile, or fax, refer s to the transmission of print: text, fixed images or drawings by wire or radio channels or undersea cable. Television e Mobile telephony is revolutionizing how we use the phone. Look at the range of features offered by the MobiPhone. T'I answering antenna 11 the right to form ten phrases from the field of radio camera telecommunications.

MobiPhone World to worry about missing that important meeting as the MobiCom. It is World comes with a can also packed with exciting be one step ahead of the bank by checking how much phone, it doubles as a And GPRS enabled, you can while you are on internet calls. After finishing, the woven material is ready for delivery to Complete the texts using the words below.

Delivery documentation is enclosed with the consignment, but the shipping papers aren't prepared in this department. In this area here the goods are loaded onto trucks; and over there incoming goods which have just arrived are unloaded.

A consignment is just being delivered over there. We have been using plastic packaging for many years; however, next year we are moving to more environmentally-friendly materials.

Present simple All goods are received at The bill ot lading isn't Where are the goods passive this depot. Present continuous The supervisor is checking I am not sending out a bill When are we moving to the active the delivery. Present continuous Goods are being unloaded At present the pallets are Why are those crates passive over there. Present perfect Positive Negative Question Present perfect Our contractor has built They have not drained How many tunnels have simple active a supporting wall.

Present perfect The walls have been built. The water has not been Has the cable been laid? Present perfect The supervisor has been I have not be en working on How long have they been continuous active checking the walls today.

The present simple describes: a regular or characteristic happening How often do you receiveshipments? DI L- Choose the correct verb form in each of the following. Q in hospital at the moment. Complete the answers by putting the verb in brackets into the appropriate present tense in the active or passive. B: No. They are normally made to order. B: l'm afraid not. He currently the plant in the north of Scotland.

B: Yes,of course. It just off the production line. B: We 5, units a month and only a very small number produce reject S A: How long have you been using imported raw materials?

B: We - import rayon for many years but we only just begin using imported polyester. B: No, this fabric dye. B: Not long at all. We dispatch this load tomorrow afternoon. Over the past ten years, this area a experience severe fIooding.

Houses d decide to introduce a fIoodcontrol system. At present our workforce e build a dam on the west side of the town and dikes along the river We must complete the work within two months, so at present we g work 24 hours a day. The plans j already start next week. First we analysed the Q results of the tests that we had carried out.

After the results had be en compiled. This showed how well they had 3 performed under different conditions. While we were evaluating the physical performance. All the results were then recorded e into a database. Past simple The performance of the air The results weren't recorded.

Past continuo us While the test was being Past perfect Past perfect The analyst had been We had not been evaluating How long had you be en continuous checking the walls yesterday The past simple describes: an activity at a definite time in the past The study of airbags was started last year.

The past continuous describes: an activity which is a time frame for another activity WhiIe we were studying the airbags. WhiIe our team was studying performance. The past perfect describes: an activity that happened earlier than another activity in the past Our studies showed how weII the equipment had performed. Notes: We use the past tenseswith these expressions: yesterday yesterday morninglafternoon,! Find the mistakes and correct them. Q 3 The first real road builders in Britain was the Romans.

Make past tense questions and answers using the words given. I , -- Complete the folIowing report of an accident which happened in a factory with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. I On Friday morning at 9. He b Iie on the floor. His colleague e check that he d still breathe and then e call the emergency services.

The injured man f take to hospital where he later g recover. An investigation at the factory h find that a bottle containing a dangerous chemicalliquid i Ieave open.

Vapour from theliquid U escape into the air. While he had been working in the room he k become unwell. He I becorne drowsy and then m fall unconscious.

Investigating officers ore interviewing everyone who n work in the factory that morning. Q A: When are we going to treat the first patients with the new drug? B: They are preparing the preliminary forms next month.

So they'll be ready before the summer. When is PharEurop going to register the drug? I intend to do it: future with going to l am uploading the new web page next week. Notice the different shades of meaning between the three future forms: A: When will the hardware be installed? B: We are going to lay the network cables next Tuesday. A: l'm seeing the electrical contractor tomorrow. We're going to review the site plan. B: Good. So when do you think the system will go live.

A: The file server will be delivered on Friday. B: And the work stations? A: They're coming at the beginning of the following week. S» 4 The workers need different interesting jobs to do. Complete what they say with will or won't and a verb from the boxo give. I see, and how many hours of sunshine b we to produce energy? When you be able to install it? Conditionals Ci Sample sentences S» If you follow these measures, the risk of bums will be substantially reduced.

If you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately. There are four principal types of conditional sentences: conditional I. Conditional if cIause main cIause present simple future with will II past simple conditional with would III past perfect past conditional with would have Universal present simple present simple Note that the following contractions are common in speech: wnI- 'lI,e.

Conditional 11 Rere the speaker sees the event as a remote possibility: If there wasa blowout, we would evacuatethe rig immediately. Notes: 1 These expressions mean 'i! Complete these sentences using the words in brackets. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. A: We'lI work when the conditions improve. B: weather was going to be delay the WeB, get the foundations laid by I Do you remember building that bridge last year?

If we of sandbags, the have flooded the town. If they'd chosen another time of year, we h not have these prablems. It would at this time of year! Do you like to work on the assembly line? Don't forget l remember checldng the bill of materials. G b l really regret to nat make a change a lang time ago. Q 2 This unit is extremely heavy. Choose from the verbs in the boxo produce, scratcb" visit S The suppliers have agreed the amount of packaging.

Complete the memo using the words in brackets. To: l -- d use The idea will involve f link all the modules order processing, bill of materials to invoicing. When we link them in this way l'd he agrees le of the programme by July.

We then publish the 3 findings and circulate them to various experts. This is exactly what we did when we applied for 3 the current patent. We are therefore very surprised that you have contacted us in this matter. In the meantime we will e investigate yourclaims further. The findings are then published and circulated to vario us experts.

This is exactly what was done when the current patent was applied for. We are therefore very surprised that we have been contacted in this matter. We can assure you that all the relevant documentation was completed. In the meantime your claims will be investigated further. For example: Paper still plays a vital role in our lives - newspapers tell us the events of the day. Paper has been with us since A.

The Chinese first used it to make records; later it spread to all parts of the world. We can use the passive in the following situations: 1 We are not interested in the doer. Ancient paper was made entirely of rags; modern paper is made from wood pulp - a faster and cheaper alternative. First the logs are stripped of bark, cut into sm aller sections, and made into chips.

The chips are put into a large tank called a digester and allowed to stew in a chemical mix under pressure. The wood pulp that is created by this process is then washed to remove any chemicals and pressed through screens to remove chunks andforeign objects.

Thepulp is then drained of water to form a mass that is then bleached and washed again. The first two corresponding active senten ces would be: First we strip the logs of bark, then we cut them in to smaller sections, and make them into chips.

We then put the chips into a large tank called a digester and allow them to stew in a chemical mix under pressure. Thechemicalsin this processare toxic:safety clothingmust be worn. This is the typical style of a written order or instruction. The corresponding activesentence would be: 76 Thechemicalsare toxic:wear safety clothing. C 4 Geothermal energy is produced below the earth's surface. Use these notes and the verbs given to write sentences to describe these changes.

Blow- m In this process, air b blow into a bl b ofmdltenplastic inside a hoHow :fJl Toys and boMs make by injection moulding. Thermoplastics can I shape byextrusion. Moltenplastic m - force thro1. Fibres for textiles and sheet plastic may make by extrusion. Causation Ci A.. Sample sentences m The application of civil engineering techniques has led to more secure structures. These stains result from the extensive use of dyes. We have moved over to water turbines because they offer significant cost savings.

Here are other verbs and verb ph rases with a similar meaning. Here a subordinating conjunction links the effect and the cause. Here are the other main subordinating conjunctions: as. Here an adverbph raseintroduces the cause. Other expressions with a similar meaning are: as a consequenceof. Combustion is a reaction in which the oxidization of an element or compound Ieads to the release of energy.

If the combustion resuIts in aflame, it is called burning. Since combustion can be dangerous, it is important to take precautions against injury. However, nat all combustions resuIt in flames. For example, the combustion of carbon in oxygen causes an intense red-white light but no flame. Petroleum, on the other hand, requires special handling on account ofits volatility.

D 1 Choose the correct phrase in each of the following. T he earth is kept warm a However, human activity has brpught e account b an iuqease a. CO2 results e the burning o[ fossil [uels and forests, No one knbws exactly what changes wiU take place because f this warming. Jihey also expect. As a consequence U heating, water expands and this will give rise k a rise in ocean levels. C Our quality policy is to develop, produce, and deliver on time.

In order to do this, we have 3 implemented quality systems and processes that demand continuous improvement. To achieve this 3 we need to constantly strive to upgrade our performance and inspire others by example. The C On e the other hand, peer needs must not be ignored. Staff have to be trained to enable them to carry out tJ 1 their tasks. Everyone will be encouraged to take on responsibility. Rowever, no-one will be forced. For the use of the verbs below see e Rere is the range of verbs for the obliger: 1 Obligesomeone to do something cornpel.

Rere is the range of verbsforthe obliged: be forced to.. Fire regulations prohibit builders from using jIammable 6 Not obliged: materials. In this type of soil we needn't dig the 3 Not to oblige someone to do something: foundations deeper than 10 metres.

Choose one correct sentence for each picture, There are more sentences than you need, G Each of the following sentences contains a mistake, Find the mistakes and correct them, 1 You needn't to enclose the invoice. Below is an extract from a letter from an insurance agent to a manufacturing company about regulations, Complete the extract by choosing the correct word ITomthe boxo needn't prohibited..

Itis important that these points are followed; otherwise theinsurance cover will not be valido 11 All empty crates a notbe stacked in the production area. Theyare a health and safety problem and we will not b you to leave them there.

However, prior to disposal. Containersthat contain llammablematerials f be at least metres from the building. Sample sentences As a result of the high cost of local raw materials, we are going to start importing from China. Plastics are a versatile family of materials; therefore they are suitable for a wide range of c: packaging applications.

Rere are the other main subordinating conjunctions: as. Other expressions with a similar meaning are: as a consequence of. Themaintenanceteamare here;thereforewe'll needto shut down the machinery after this shift. The connector'therefore' points backwards to the cause and forwards to the effect.

Other connecting words and expressions are: accordiogly hence formal.. I Because management is thinking of introducing a zero defect production initiative. So we are starting a project group to look at current practices in production. So, that's why everyone has been called to the meeting. We've scheduled a meeting on oewinitiative. A B The reject rate has fallen owing to extensive research and development. There is now a backlog of orders due to more effective quality control.

S» They want to understand why customers Consequently, users can share files and 3 buy a product. Computer software has been made easier That's why they're studying customer e to use attitudes. UJ That's the reason he had an accident. UJ We are having to increase our prices as a result of machinery breakdowns. This is a very dusty environment, so more people use computers daily. He was not following safety regulations. Find the mistake and correct it. Consequently of this, the waste must be treated before it can be disposed of.

Fill in the blanks with words ITom the boxo consequently. The site was previously used by heavy industry of this we will have to remove a thick layer of soil.

As a b of this, costs will be higher than expected. As far as concerned, the houses all have a regular shape as you can see here on plan of cost considerations. Why does that affect cost? A: surface area of the walls, you'lI see that buildings with an irregular shape a greater surface area. As a d materials will be required and, e , it will cost more. B: I see. B: damage the wood? A: That's 'e will use pre-treated wood.

As for the roofs - well, planning regulations, roofs will have to be made of blue slate. Sample sentences.. S» With the new version of Web Discoverer you can specifybetter search criteria. S» Anti-virus software is designed to prevent programs from damaging your data or halting cc operations on your system.

It'll crease too easily. Let's look at the use of language for the concepts above: 1 2 3 4 make able be able make unable be unable enable can prohibit cannot allow abte to prevent not ablejunable to permit capable ot stop incapable ot C' Uses Now look at the following short text which demonstrates the use of these verbs. Now you can create your own website.

So simple, anyone is capable ofproducing a quality site in minutes. You'll be ableto add graphics and photos. This new software allowsyou to work with all typesof graphicfiles. The text editingfunction enablesyou to workdirectlyfromyour word processar. Remember: only one registered user is permitted to use this software.

Note: 1 We use the infinitive with to after ablelunable, e. You'll beabIe to add graphics and photos. SyntheUc fibreis unabIe to replacenatural fibre. Anyone is capabIe of praducinga quality site in minutes. Theyare incapabIe 01producing these shirts in a wider rangeof colours. A B Improving quality control will enable us the storage of chemicals in plastic containers.

Shortage of space prevents us from carrying the volume of data required today. Q Regulations prohibit see the person you are talking to. Using a videophone allows you to to become more profitable. Underline the mistake and correct it. S Water is unable to passing through the vapour barrier. Look at the prompts in bold and change them for a verb or verb phrase from the opposite page, changing the grammar to fit the sentence.

With a catalyst the car g be able of O the airbag. Together with It a make uoable serious injury. If a driver brakes But you are more concerned about hard, this system b make unablewheellockup. Here the highest gear able the driver to steer the safely. All our models are fitted with disc brakes, This j make able you to save fuel and as a which means the car d be able operate more make uoable the engine wearing efficiently in wet weather. As a result, exhaust system and f make able the exhaust the car is capable of greater speed and faster gases to be converted into less harmflil acceleration.

Q Sample sentences The term engineering can have different meanings. Q The generators and turbines are bound to use a lot of electrical power. The numbers below are only a general indication. The pumps are quite likely to use more electricity. They could use more electricity. The pumps probably won't use more electricity. The pumps are quite unlikelyto use more electricity. The pumps shouldn 't use more electricity. Power requirements can't possibly increase.

For example: The local authorities probably won't accept the plans for a concrete arch bridge. The figure in brackets indicates the likelihood. A t present most of the energy we use comes from oil and gas, and scientists are becoming increasingly concemed about our future energy needs. The future of nuclear power is also uncertain. Q Logisticsis the business function which controls the movement of physical materials in a factory.

A mine is a place where ores, coal, and precious stones may be obtained. Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun.

Who and which are typical relative pronouns. Blowholes are air or gas vents which cany off fumesfrom tunnels or undergroundpassages. The table shaw s the range of relative prona uns person who, whom, whose time when things which, that place where Uses l Defining relativeclausesgive information which is essential to understand the sentence. The dause who specializesin transporting goods by truck identifies the company or person.

The dause which describes the contents of each package gives additional information; we can still identify the packing list without this information. Themine, which hasextracteddiamondssincethe 19th century, will beclosedin two years. The dause which has extracteddiamondssince the 19th century gives additional information. Notes: l The relative prona un after the reason: Thank youfor explaining to us the reasons whylthat the consignment was delayed. D damp.

In the following article, underline the relative clauses and write defining D or non-defining ND beside each one. There are people who are deeply worried about the effects of the dam on the environment. They say there is a danger to animals and fish live in the area. But there are other people who claim that power is much cleaner than There will be fewer emissions contribute to greenhouse effect.

Navigation on the river, wbich is currently dangerous, will become much safer. But critics say there will be sedimentation which could increase flood levels. Use the information in brackets to complete the following sentences. For example: The manufacturers provided some information. We have used the information that They have automated the assembly line that 2 Water is stored in a tank. The water tank where is underground. Computers contain many circuits which 4 WC.

Rontgen discovered X-rays by accident. X-rays have been used since when 5 Faraday was born in the south of England. Faraday, who , developed the process of electromagnetic induction. The manager whose is responsible for purchasing.

Everyone who is responsible for regular 89 maintenance of the machinery. Subordinate clauses of result and G purpose S» 3 Sample sentences 3S» Benton have defined quality standards in order to meet minimum product specifications. Last year Markham introduced new quality standards so that they detected defective products e before completion. For zero defects to be achieved, we will have to introduce tighter prevention controls.

They present the purpose of the information in the main dause. Clauses of result also answer the question why or what In contrast to clauses of purpose, they typically look to the past to see what result an action achieved. Energy is generatedfrom differentfuels in order to avoid reliance on one source.

These electric utilities were then combined into larger systems so that power was exchanged. Top clipped slide. Download Now Download Download to read offline.

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